GLS Surface Reflectance
| Data Access |
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| Overview |
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Surface reflectance is the fraction of incoming solar radiation that is reflected from Earth's surface. Retrieved from satellite images by correcting for atmospheric effects, surface reflectance images approximate what would be measured by a sensor held just above the Earth's surface, without any artifacts from the atmosphere or illumination and viewing geometry. Surface reflectance is the most basic remotely sensed surface parameter in the solar reflective wavelengths (i.e., visible and infrared), providing the primary input for essentially all higher-level surface geophysical parameters, including vegetation indices, albedo, Leaf Area Index (LAI), Fraction of Photosynthetically Absorbed Radiation (FPAR), burned area, land cover, and land cover change. Because removing atmospheric artifacts increases the comparability between images of Earth's surface taken at different times, surface reflectance is also used to detect and monitor changes on the Earth's surface.
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| Science Data Sets |
Units |
Bit Type |
Fill |
Valid Range |
Scale factor (multiply) |
| Band1 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band2 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band3 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band4 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band5 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band7 Surface Reflectance |
Reflectance |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Band6 TOA Temperature |
Celcius |
16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-7000, 7000 |
0.01 |
| Atmospheric Opacity of band1 |
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16-bit signed integer |
-9999 |
-2000,16000 |
0.0001 |
| Landsat SR QA |
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16-bit signed integer |
-1 |
0, 32767 |
N/A |
| Quality Flags |
Description |
| Bit 0 |
Unused |
| Bit 1 |
Data Quality flag (0=Valid data, 1=Invalid data) |
| Bit 2 |
Cloud mask (0=clear, 1=cloudy) |
| Bit 3 |
Cloud shadow mask |
| Bit 4 |
Snow mask |
| Bit 5 |
Land mask (0= water, 1=land) |
| Bit 6-15 |
Unused |
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| How to Cite This Data Set |
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Data Citation Format:Author (Publication Date), Collection Name, Sensor name, , Publisher, Publisher
Location.
Full Data Citation: Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF), Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) (2011), Landsat
Surface Reflectance , Landsat TM & ETM+, Global Land Cover Facility University of Maryland, College
Park.
References
- Min Feng, Chengquan Huang, Saurabh Channan, Eric F. Vermote, Jeffrey G. Masek, John R.
Townshend. Quality Assessment of Landsat Surface Reflectance Products using MODIS Data,
Computers & Geosciences (accepted).
- Masek, J.G., Vermote, E.F., Saleous, N.E., Wolfe, R., Hall, F.G., Huemmrich, K.F., Feng, G., Kutler,
J. & Teng-Kui, L. (2006). A Landsat surface reflectance dataset for North America, 1990-2000.
IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 3, 68-72.
- Vermote, E. F., El Saleous, N. Z., Justice, C. O., Kaufman, Y. J., Privette, J., Remer, L., Roger, J.
C., & Tanr, D. (1997). Atmospheric correction of visible to middle infrared EOS-MODIS data
over land surface, background, operational algorithm and validation. Journal of Geophysical
Research, 102(14), 17131-17141.
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| Intellectual Property Rights |
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Use is free to all if acknowledgement is made; effectively held by University of Maryland; but
ultimately held by US public.
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| Source |
Source for this data set is the Global Land Cover Facility, www.landcover.org. |
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GLS SR
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